The connection between bacterial infections and chronic illnesses is increasingly recognized in medical research. Persistent or recurrent infections can trigger ongoing inflammation, immune dysregulation, and tissue damage, which may contribute to conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular disease, and chronic fatigue syndromes. Some bacteria evade clearance, forming biofilms or hiding intracellularly, prolonging immune activation. Timely diagnosis and appropriate antimicrobial therapy are therefore critical to reduce long-term risks. In acute settings, physicians may prescribe antibiotics, including cephalexin capsules, to eliminate susceptible pathogens. However, misuse can promote resistance, underscoring the importance of targeted treatment, adherence, and follow-up to prevent infections from evolving.